Emeritus Professor Marc Hockings
Emeritus Professor
School of the Environment
Researcher biography
Marc Hockings is an Emeritus Professor School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Queensland. He maintains an active research program on the management of protected areas with a particular focus on monitoring and evaluation in conservation management. He is a long-term member of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) through its World Commission on Protected Areas where he leads the global program on Science and Management of Protected Areas. He initiated and is leading the IUCN WCPA work on the Green List of Protected and Conserved Areas. He is also a member of the Commission's Executive Committee. Marc was the principal author of the IUCN's best practice guidelines on evaluation of management effectiveness in protected areas. He is an honorary Senior Fellow at the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre in Cambridge, UK. In 2008 he received the Kenton R. Miller Award for Innovation in Protected Area Sustainability for his work on management effectiveness.
Publications
Books
Hockings, Marcus, Stolton, Sue, Leverington, Fiona, Dudley, Nigel and Courrau, Jose (2006). Evaluating effectiveness a framework for assessing management effectiveness of protected areas. 2 ed. Gland, Switzerland; Cambridge, U.K.: IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resoruces.
Hockings, M. T., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2000). Evaluating Effectiveness: a framework for reassessing the management of protected areas. Cambridge, UK: IUCN.
Book Chapters
Hockings, Marc, Lilley, Ian, Matar, Diane A., Dudley, Nigel and Markham, Robert (2020). Integrating science and local knowledge to strengthen biosphere reserve management. UNESCO Biosphere Reserves: supporting biocultural diversity, sustainability and society. (pp. 241-253) edited by Maureen G. Reed and Martin F. Price. Abingdon, Oxon, United Kingdom: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9780429428746-19
Dudley, Nigel and Hockings, Marc (2017). Marine protected area governance and effectiveness across networks. Management of marine protected areas: a network perspective. (pp. 69-87) edited by Paul D. Goriup. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley Blackwell. doi: 10.1002/9781119075806.ch4
Barnes, M., Craigie, I. D. and Hockings, M. (2016). Towards understanding drivers of wildlife population trends in terrestrial protected areas. Protected areas: are they safeguarding biodiversity?. (pp. 134-149) edited by Lucas N. Joppa, Jonathan E. M. Baillie and John G. Robinson. Chichester, West Sussex, United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons. doi: 10.1002/9781118338117.ch8
Craigie, Ian D., Grech, Alana, Pressey, Robert L., Adams, Vanessa M., Hockings, Marc, Taylor, Martin and Barnes, Megan (2015). Terrestrial protected areas of Australia. Austral ark: the state of wildlife in Australia and New Zealand. (pp. 560-581) edited by Adam Stow, Norman Maclea and Gregory I. Holwell. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/CBO9781139519960.028
Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona and Cook, Carly (2015). Protected area management effectiveness. Protected area governance and management. (pp. 889-928) edited by Graeme L. Worboys, Michael Lockwood, Ashish Kothari, Sue Feary and Ian Pulsford. Canberra, ACT, Australia: ANU Press.
Enkerlin-Hoeflich, Ernesto C., Sandwith, Trevor, MacKinnon, Kathy, Allen, Diana, Andrade, Angela, Badman, Tim, Bueno, Paula, Campbell, Kathryn, Ervin, Jamison, Laffoley, Dan, Hay-Edie, Terence, Hockings, Marc, Johansson, Stig, Keenleyside, Karen, Langhammer, Penny, Mueller, Eduard, Vierros, Marjo, Welling, Leigh, Woodley, Stephen and Dudley, Nigel (2015). IUCN/WCPA protected areas program: making space for people and biodiversity in the anthropocene. Earth stewardship, ecology and ethics 2. (pp. 339-350) edited by Ricardo Rozzi, F. Stuart Chapin III, J. Baird Callicott, S. T. A. Pickett, Mary E. Power, Juan J. Armesto and Roy H. May Jr.. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-12133-8_22
Armenteras, Dolors, Finlayson, C. Max, Agard, John, Butchart, Stuart H. M., Carino, Joji, Cheung, William W. L., Collen, Ben, Firbank, Leslie G., Hales, Simon, Hockings, Marc, Hoft, Robert, Kitzes, Justin, McGeoch, Melodie A., Prip, Christian, Oldfield, Thomasina E. E., Redford, Kent H., Toivonen, Heikki, Burgess, Neil, Baudoin, Mario, Bertzky, Bastian, Dudley, Nigel, Fuentes, Rod, Galli, Alessandro, Kapos, Valerie, Krueger, Linda, Gohale, Yogesh, Kothari, Ashish, Ingram, J. Carter, Ramirez, Camilo Garcia ... Morales Rivas, Monica (2012). Biodiversity. Global environment outlook GEO 5: environment for the future we want. (pp. 133-166) edited by United Nations Environment Programme. Nairobi, Kenya: United Nations Environment Programme.
Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc and Stolton, Sue (2010). Precious places: Getting the arguments right. Arguments for protected areas: Multiple benefits for conservation and use. (pp. 253-264) edited by Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley. London, U.K. ; Washington, DC, U.S.A.: Earthscan. doi: 10.4324/9781849774888
Lockwood, M., Worboys, G., Zeller, D., Marsh, J., Hockings, M. T., Leverington, F. J., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2008). The functions and processes of protected area management. The world's protected areas: Status, values and prospects in the 21st century. (pp. 120-145) edited by Stuart Chape, Mark Spalding and Martin Jenkins. Berkeley, CA.,U.S.: University of California Press.
Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona and James, Robyn (2006). Evaluating management effectiveness. Managing protected areas: A global guide. (pp. 635-655) edited by Michael Lockwood, Graeme L. Worboys and Ashish Kothari. London, U.K.: Earthscan.
Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona and James, Robyn (2005). Evaluating management effectiveness. Protected area management: Principles and practices. (pp. 553-568) edited by Graeme L. Worboys, Michael Lockwood and Terry De Lacy. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press.
Leverington, F. and Hockings, M. T. (2004). Evaluating the effectiveness of protected area management: The challenge of change. Securing protected areas in the face of global change: Issues and strategies. (pp. 169-212) edited by C V Barber and K R Miller and M Boness. Gland, Switzerland ; Cambridge, U.K.: IUCN Publications Services Unit.
Hockings, M., Stolton, S. A. and Dudley, N. (2004). Com s’ha d’avaluar l’efectivitat? Pautes per al disseny de polítiques i la gestió d’espais naturals protegits. El PEIN deu anys després: Balanç i perspectives. (pp. 29-40) edited by Josep Maria Mallarach i Carrera, Josep Vila and Diego Varga. Girona, Spain: Universitat de Girona, Cátedra de Geografia i Pensament Territorial.
Hockings, M. T. (2003). Indicators. An assessment of the values of Kosciuszko National Park. (pp. 287-294) Fyshwick, ACT: NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service.
Dudley, N., Hockings, M. T. and Stolton, S. (1999). Measuring the effectiveness of protected area management. Partnerships for protection: New strategies for planning and management for protected areas. (pp. 249-257) edited by N. Dudley and S. Stolton. London: Earthscan. doi: 10.4324/9781315071398-40
Journal Articles
Watson, James E. M., Venegas‐Li, Ruben, Grantham, Hedley, Dudley, Nigel, Stolton, Sue, Rao, Madhu, Woodley, Stephen, Hockings, Marc, Burkart, Karl, Simmonds, Jeremy S., Sonter, Laura J., Sreekar, Rachakonda, Possingham, Hugh P. and Ward, Michelle (2023). Priorities for protected area expansion so nations can meet their Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework commitments. Integrative Conservation, 2 (3), 140-155. doi: 10.1002/inc3.24
Dudley, Nigel, Robinson, John, Andelman, Sandy, Bingham, Heather, Conzo, Lori Anna, Geldmann, Jonas, Grorud-Colvert, Kirsten, Gurney, Georgina, Hickey, Valerie, Hockings, Marc, Jonas, Harry, Kettunen, Marianne, Marnewick, Daniel, Masozera, Michel, Mitchell, Brent, Parrish, Jeffrey, Redford, Kent, Espinoza, Andrew Rhodes, Russi, Daniela, Salafsky, Nick, Springer, Jenny, Sullivan-Stack, Jenna, Tugendhat, Helen, Watson, James E. M., Wilkie, David and Woodley, Stephen (2022). Developing an outcomes-based approach to achieving Target 3 of the global biodiversity framework. Parks, 28 (2), 33-44. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2022.PARKS-28-2ND.en
Jonas, Harry D., Ahmadia, Gabby N., Bingham, Heather C., Briggs, Johnny, Butchart, Stuart H.M., Cariño, Joji, Chassot, Olivier, Chaudhary, Sunita, Darling, Emily, Degemmis, Alfred, Dudley, Nigel, Fa, Julia E., Fitzsimons, James, Garnett, Stephen, Geldmann, Jonas, Golden Kroner, Rachel, Gurney, Georgina G., Harrington, Alexandra R., Himes‐cornell, Amber, Hockings, Marc, Jonas, Holly C., Jupiter, Stacy, Kingston, Naomi, Lee, E., Lieberman, Susan, Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Marnewick, Daniel, Matallana‐tobón, Clara L., Maxwell, Sean L. ... von Weizsäcker, Christine (2021). Equitable and effective area‐based conservation: Towards the conserved areas paradigm. Parks, 27 (1), 71-84. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2021.PARKS-27-1HJ.en
Hockings, Marc, Dudley, Nigel, Stolton, Sue, Pasha, M. K. S. and van Nimwegen, Paul (2021). Assessing protected area effectiveness. Oryx, 55 (3), 333-333. doi: 10.1017/s0030605321000168
Phua, Carol, Andradi-Brown, Dominic A., Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Ahmadia, Gabby N., Mahajan, Shauna L., Larsen, Kirk, Friel, Stephen, Reichelt, Russell, Hockings, Marc, Gill, David, Veverka, Laura, Anderson, Richard, Augustave, Lovasoa Cédrique, Awaludinnoer, , Bervoets, Tadzio, Brayne, Kitty, Djohani, Rili, Kawaka, Joan, Kyne, Fabian, Ndagala, January, Oates, Jenny, Osuka, Kennedy, Prvan, Mosor, Shah, Nirmal, Vallarola, Fabio, Wenzel, Lauren, Widodo, Hesti and Wells, Sue (2021). Marine protected and conserved areas in the time of Covid. Parks, 27 (Special Issue), 85-102. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2021.PARKS-27-SICP.en
Geldmann, Jonas, Deguignet, Marine, Balmford, Andrew, Burgess, Neil D., Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Kingston, Naomi, Klimmek, Helen, Lewis, Alanah Hayley, Rahbek, Carsten, Stolton, Sue, Vincent, Claire, Wells, Sue, Woodley, Stephen and Watson, James E. M. (2021). Essential indicators for measuring site-based conservation effectiveness in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. Conservation Letters, 14 (4) e12792, 1-9. doi: 10.1111/conl.12792
Mayfield, Helen J. , Smith, Carl , Gallagher, Marcus and Hockings, Marc (2020). Considerations for selecting a machine learning technique for predicting deforestation. Environmental Modelling and Software, 131 104741, 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104741
Hockings, Marc, Dudley, Nigel, Elliott, Wendy, Ferreira, Mariana Napolitano, Mackinnon, Kathy, Pasha, M. K.S., Phillips, Adrian, Stolton, Sue, Woodley, Stephen, Appleton, Mike, Chassot, Olivier, Fitzsimons, James, Galliers, Chris, Kroner, Rachel Golden, Goodrich, John, Hopkins, Jo, Jackson, William, Jonas, Harry, Long, Barney, Mumba, Musonda, Parrish, Jeffrey, Paxton, Midori, Phua, Carol, Plowright, Raina, Rao, Madhu, Redford, Kent, Robinson, John, Rodríguez, Carlos Manuel, Sandwith, Trevor ... Yang, Angela (2020). Editorial essay: Covid-19 and protected and conserved areas. Parks, 26 (1), 7-24. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2020.PARKS-26-1MH.en
Stolton, Sue, Dudley, Nigel, Belokurov, Alexander, Deguignet, Marine, Burgess, Neil D., Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona, Mackinnon, Kathy and Young, Llewellyn (2019). Lessons learned from 18 years of implementing the management effectiveness tracking tool (Mett): A perspective from the mett developers and implementers. Parks, 25 (2), 79-92. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2019.PARKAS-25-2SS.en
Hockings, Marc, Hardcastle, James, Woodley, Stephen, Sandwith, Trevor, Wilson, Joanne, Bammert, Marnie, Valenzuela, Sandra, Chataigner, Béatrice, Lefebvre, Thierry, Leverington, Fiona, Lopoukhine, Nikita, Mackinnon, Kathy and Londoño, Julia Miranda (2019). The IUCN green list of protected and conserved areas: Setting the standard for effective area‐based conservation. Parks, 25 (2), 57-66. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2019.PARKAS-25-2MH.en
Woodley, Stephen, Baillie, Jonathan E.M., Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Kingston, Naomi, Laffoley, Dan, Locke, Harvey, Lubchenco, Jane, MacKinnon, Kathy, Meliane, Imen, Sala, Enric and Spalding, Mark (2019). A bold successor to Aichi Target 11. Science, 365 (6454), 649-650. doi: 10.1126/science.aay2131
Coad, Lauren, Watson, James E. M., Geldmann, Jonas, Burgess, Neil D., Leverington, Fiona, Hockings, Marc, Knights, Kathryn and Di Marco, Moreno (2019). Widespread shortfalls in protected area resourcing undermine efforts to conserve biodiversity. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 17 (5) fee.2042, 259-264. doi: 10.1002/fee.2042
Roux, Dirk J., Kingsford, Richard T., Cook, Carly N., Carruthers, Jane, Dickson, Katrina and Hockings, Marc (2019). The case for embedding researchers in conservation agencies. Conservation Biology, 33 (6) cobi.13324, 1266-1274. doi: 10.1111/cobi.13324
Jonas, Harry D., MacKinnon, Kathy, Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Jessen, Sabine, Dan Laffoley,, MacKinnon, David, Matallana-Tobón, Clara L., Sandwith, Trevor, Waithaka, John and Woodley, Stephen (2018). Editorial essay: other effective area-based conservation measures: from Aichi Target 11 to the post-2020 biodiversity framework. Parks: The International Journal of Protected Areas and Conservation, 24 (Special issue), 9-16. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SIHDJ.en
Schulze, Katharina, Knights, Kathryn, Coad, Lauren, Geldmann, Jonas, Leverington, Fiona, Eassom, April, Marr, Melitta, Butchart, Stuart H. M., Hockings, Marc and Burgess, Neil D. (2018). An assessment of threats to terrestrial protected areas. Conservation Letters, 11 (3) e12435, e12435. doi: 10.1111/conl.12435
Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Stolton, Sue, Amend, Thora, Badola, Ruchi, Bianco, Mariasole, Chettri, Nakul, Cook, Carly, Day, Jon C., Dearden, Phil, Edwards, Mary, Ferraro, Paul, Foden, Wendy, Gambino, Roberto, Gaston, Kevin J., Hayward, Natalie, Hickey, Valerie, Irving, Jason, Jeffries, Bruce, Karapetyan, Areg, Kettunen, Marianne, Laestadius, Lars, Laffoley, Dan, Lham, Dechen, Lichtenstein, Gabriela, Makombo, John, Marshall, Nina, McGeoch, Melodie, Nguyen, Dao ... Zhang, Yan (2018). Priorities for protected area research. Parks, 24 (1), 35-50. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-1ND.en
Karimi, Azadeh and Hockings, Marc (2018). A social-ecological approach to land-use conflict to inform regional and conservation planning and management. Landscape Ecology, 33 (5), 691-710. doi: 10.1007/s10980-018-0636-x
Geldmann, Jonas, Coad, Lauren, Barnes, Megan D., Craigie, Ian D., Woodley, Stephen, Balmford, Andrew, Brooks, Thomas M., Hockings, Marc, Knights, Kathryn, Mascia, Michael B., McRae, Louise and Burgess, Neil D. (2018). A global analysis of management capacity and ecological outcomes in terrestrial protected areas. Conservation Letters, 11 (3) e12434, e12434. doi: 10.1111/conl.12434
Tanner-McAllister, Sherri L., Rhodes, Jonathan R. and Hockings, Marc (2018). A comparison of climate change impacts on park values on four Queensland World Heritage National Parks in Australia. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 25 (3), 267-284. doi: 10.1080/14486563.2018.1431158
Van Cuong, Chu, Dart, Peter, Dudley, Nigel and Hockings, Marc (2018). Building Stakeholder Awareness and Engagement Strategy to Enhance Biosphere Reserve Performance and Sustainability: The Case of Kien Giang, Vietnam. Environmental Management, 62 (5), 877-891. doi: 10.1007/s00267-018-1094-6
Austin, Beau, Robinson, Catherine, Fitzsimons, James, Sandford, Marcus, Ens, Emilie, Macdonald, Jennifer, Hockings, Marc, Hinchley, David, McDonald, Fergus, Corrigan, Colleen, Kennett, Rod, Hunter-Xenie, Hmalan and Garnett, Stephen (2018). Integrated measures of indigenous land and sea management effectiveness: challenges and opportunities for improved conservation partnerships in Australia. Conservation and Society, 16 (3), 372-384. doi: 10.4103/cs.cs-16-123
Tanner-McAllister, Sherri L., Rhodes, Jonathan and Hockings, Marc (2017). Managing for climate change on protected areas: an adaptive management decision making framework. Journal of Environmental Management, 204 (Pt 1), 510-518. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.038
Petersen, Leif, Reid, Andrew M., Moll, Eugene J. and Hockings, Marc T. (2017). Perspectives of wild medicine harvesters from Cape Town, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 113 (9-10) 2016-0260, 8-8. doi: 10.17159/sajs.2017/20160260
Laffoley, Dan, Dudley, Nigel, Jonas, Harry, MacKinnon, David, MacKinnon, Kathy, Hockings, Marc and Woodley, Stephen (2017). An introduction to ‘other effective area-based conservation measures’ under Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity: origin, interpretation and emerging ocean issues. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 27 (S1), 130-137. doi: 10.1002/aqc.2783
Corrigan, Colleen, J. Robinson, Catherine, Burgess, Neil D., Kingston, Naomi and Hockings, Marc (2017). Global Review of Social Indicators used in Protected Area Management Evaluation. Conservation Letters, 11 (2) e12397, 1-9. doi: 10.1111/conl.12397
Barnes, Megan D. , Craigie, Ian D. , Dudley, Nigel and Hockings, Marc (2017). Understanding local-scale drivers of biodiversity outcomes in terrestrial protected areas. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1399 (1), 42-60. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13154
Karimi, Azadeh, Tulloch, Ayesha I., Brown, Greg and Hockings, Marc (2017). Understanding the effects of different social data on selecting priority conservation areas. Conservation Biology, 31 (6), 1439-1449. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12947
Ortega-Argueta, Alejandro, Baxter, Greg, Hockings, Marc and Guevara, Roger (2017). Assessing the internal consistency of management plans for the recovery of threatened species. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (9), 2205-2222. doi: 10.1007/s10531-017-1353-5
Punde, S. P., Laws, R., Bohensky, E. L., Skewes, T. D., Bustamante, R. H. and Hockings, M. (2017). Opportunities for modelling tools to support management decision-making in Australian Marine Parks. Australian Journal of Maritime and Ocean Affairs, 9 (2), 107-119. doi: 10.1080/18366503.2017.1279860
Dudley, Nigel, Day, Jon, Laffoley, Dan, Hockings, Marc and Stolton, Sue (2017). Defining marine protected areas: a response to Horta e Costa et al.. Marine Policy, 77, 191-192. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2016.11.024
Van Cuong, Chu, Dart, Peter and Hockings, Marc (2017). Biosphere reserves: attributes for success. Journal of Environmental Management, 188, 9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.069
Mayfield, Helen, Smith, Carl, Gallagher, Marcus and Hockings, Marc (2017). Use of freely available datasets and machine learning methods in predicting deforestation. Environmental Modelling and Software, 87, 17-28. doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2016.10.006
Cuong, Chu Van, Dart, Peter, Dudley, Nigel and Hockings, Marc (2017). Factors influencing successful implementation of biosphere reserves in Vietnam: challenges, opportunities and lessons learnt. Environmental Science and Policy, 67, 16-26. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2016.10.002
Barnes, Megan D., Craigie, Ian D., Harrison, Luke B., Geldmann, Jonas, Collen, Ben, Whitmee, Sarah, Balmford, Andrew, Burgess, Neil D., Brooks, Thomas, Hockings, Marc and Woodley, Stephen (2016). Wildlife population trends in protected areas predicted by national socio-economic metrics and body size. Nature Communications, 7 (1) 12747, 12747. doi: 10.1038/ncomms12747
Watson, James E. M., Darling, Emily S., Venter, Oscar, Maron, Martine, Walston, Joe, Possingham, Hugh P., Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Barnes, Megan and Brooks, Thomas M. (2016). Bolder science needed now for protected areas. Conservation Biology, 30 (2), 243-248. doi: 10.1111/cobi.12645
Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc and Verschuuren, Bas (2015). Editorial: To go, or not to go? what are business attitudes to the philosophy of no-go policies and protected areas?. Parks, 21 (2), 7-10. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2014.PARKS-21-1ND.en
Geldmann, Jonas, Coad, Lauren, Barnes, Megan, Craigie, Ian D., Hockings, Marc, Knights, Kathryn, Leverington, Fiona, Cuadros, Ivon C., Zamora, Camilo, Woodley, Stephen and Burgess, Neil D. (2015). Changes in protected area management effectiveness over time: a global analysis. Biological Conservation, 191, 692-699. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.08.029
Karimi, Azadeh, Brown, Greg and Hockings, Marc (2015). Methods and participatory approaches for identifying social-ecological hotspots. Applied Geography, 63, 9-20. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.06.003
Coad, Lauren, Leverington, Fiona, Knights, Kathryn, Geldmann, Jonas, Eassom, April, Kapos, Valerie, Kingston, Naomi, de Lima, Marcelo, Zamora, Camilo, Cuardros, Ivon, Nolte, Christoph, Burgess, Neil D. and Hockings, Marcus (2015). Measuring impact of protected area management interventions: current and future use of the Global Database of Protected Area Management Effectiveness. Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B - Biological Sciences, 370 (1681) ARTN 20140281, 20140281. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2014.0281
Van Cuong, Chu, Brown, Sharon, To, Huynh Huu and Hockings, Marcus (2015). Using Melaleuca fences as soft coastal engineering for mangrove restoration in Kien Giang, Vietnam. Ecological Engineering, 81, 256-265. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.04.031
Pant, Ganesh, Dhakal, Maheshwar, Pradhan, Narendra Man Babu, Leverington, Fiona and Hockings, Marc (2015). Nature and extent of human–elephant Elephas maximus conflict in central Nepal. ORYX, 50 (4), 1-8. doi: 10.1017/S0030605315000381
Watson, James E. M., Dudley, Nigel, Segan, Daniel B. and Hockings, Marc (2014). The performance and potential of protected areas. Nature, 515 (7525), 67-73. doi: 10.1038/nature13947
Tanner-McAllister, S. L., Rhodes, J. R. and Hockings, M. (2014). Community and park manager's perceptions of protected area management: a southeast Queensland study. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 21 (3), 320-336. doi: 10.1080/14486563.2014.932720
Cook, Carly N., Carter, R.W. (Bill) and Hockings, Marc (2014). Measuring the accuracy of management effectiveness evaluations of protected areas. Journal of Environmental Management, 139, 164-171. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.02.023
Petersen. L. M., Moll, E. J., Hockings, M. T. and Collins, R. J. (2014). Implementing value chain analysis to investigate drivers and sustainability of Cape Town's informal economy of wild-harvested traditional medicine. Local Environment, 20 (9), 1040-1061. doi: 10.1080/13549839.2014.887667
Sandwith, Trevor, Enkerlin, Ernesto, MacKinnon, Kathy, Allen, Diana, Andrade, Ange;a, Badman, Tim, Brooks, Tom, Bueno, Paula, Campbell, Kathryn, Ervin, Jamison, Laffoley, Dan, Hay-Edie, Terence, Hockings, Marc, Johansson, Stig, Keenleyside, Karen, Langhammer, Penny, Mueller, Eduard, Smith, Tanya, Vierros, Marjo, Welling, Leigh, Woodley, Stephen and Dudley, Nigel (2014). The Promise of Sydney: an editorial essay. Parks: The International Journal for Protected Area Managers, 20 (1), 7-18. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2014.PARKS-20-1.TS.en
Petersen, Leif M., Charman, Andrew J. E., Moll, Eugene J., Collins, Ray J. and Hockings, Marc T. (2014). Bush doctors and wild medicine: the scale of trade in Cape Town's informal economy of wild harvested medicine and traditional healing. Society and Natural Resources, 27 (3), 315-336. doi: 10.1080/08941920.2013.861558
Amend, Thora, Brooks, Tom, Choudhury, B. C., Coad, Lauren, Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Kormos, Cyril, Lopoukhine, Nikita (Nik), Lotter, Wayne, MacKinnon, Kathy, Newing, Helen, Redford, Kent H., Stolton, Sue and Verschuuren, Bas (2014). Publishing for the protected area community: A vision for PARKS from its Editorial Board. Parks: The International Journal for Protected Area Managers, 20 (2), 7-12. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2014.PARKS-20-2.TA.en
Cook, Carly N., Wardell-Johnson, Grant, Carter, R. W. and Hockings, Marc (2014). How accurate is the local ecological knowledge of protected area practitioners?. Ecology and Society, 19 (2) 32. doi: 10.5751/ES-06341-190232
Knights, Kathryn, Cuadros, Ivon, Zamora, Camilo, Coad, Lauren, Leverington, Fiona, O'Connor, Brian, Goncalves de Lima, Marcelo, Kingston, Naomi, Danks, Fiona, Hockings, Marc, Malugu, Isaac, Scheren, Peter, Ngoye, Elizabeth, Stephenson, P .J. and Burgess, Neil D. (2014). A preliminary assessment of protected area management within the WWF ‘Coastal East Africa’ priority place, Eastern Africa. Parks: The International Journal for Protected Area Managers, 20 (2), 77-88. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2014.PARKS-20-2.KK.en
Moore, S. A. and Hockings, M. (2013). Australian protected areas and adaptive management: Contributions by visitor planning frameworks and management effectiveness assessments. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 20 (4), 270-284. doi: 10.1080/14486563.2013.833487
Hockings, Marc, Adams, William, Brooks, Thomas M., Dudley, Nigel, Jonas, Holly, Lotter, Wayne, Mathur, Vinod, Vaisanen, Rauno and Woodley, Stephen (2013). A draft code of practice for research and monitoring in protected areas. Parks: The International Journal of Protected Areas and Conservation, 19 (2), 85-94. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2013.PARKS-19-2.MH.en
Suter, Ingrid C., Hockings, Marc and Baxter, Greg S. (2013). Changes in elephant ownership and employment in the Lao PDR: implications for the elephant-based logging and tourism industries. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 18 (4), 279-291. doi: 10.1080/10871209.2013.788235
Jacobson, C., Lisle, A., Carter, R. W. and Hockings, M. T. (2013). Improving technical information use: what can be learnt from a manager's perspective?. Environmental Management, 52 (1), 221-233. doi: 10.1007/s00267-013-0084-y
Geldmann, Jonas, Barnes, Megan, Coad, Lauren, Craigie, Ian D., Hockings, Marc and Burgess, Neil D. (2013). Effectiveness of terrestrial protected areas in reducing habitat loss and population declines. Biological Conservation, 161, 230-238. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.02.018
Cuong, Chu Van, Lamb, David and Hockings, Marc (2013). Simple plantations have the potential to enhance biodiversity in degraded areas of Tam Dao National Park, Vietnam. Natural Areas Journal, 33 (2), 139-147. doi: 10.3375/043.033.0203
Haward, Marcus, Davidson, Julie, Lockwood, Michael, Hockings, Marc, Kriwoken, Lorne and Allchin, Robyn (2013). Climate change, scenarios and marine biodiversity conservation. Marine Policy, 38, 438-446. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.07.004
Coad, Lauren, Leverington, Fiona, Burgess, Neil D., Cuadros, Ivon C., Geldmann, Jonas, Marthews, Toby R., Mee, Jessie, Nolte, Christoph, Stoll-Kleemann, Susanne, Vansteelant, Nanna, Zamora, Camilo, Zimsky, Mark and Hockings, Marc (2013). Progress towards the CBD protected area management effectiveness targets. Parks: The International Journal of Protected Areas and Conservation, 19 (1), 13-24. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2013.PARKS-19-1.LC.en
Ouyang, Xue-Jun, Ye, Wan-Hui, Hockings, Marc, Luk, Chung-Lim and Huang, Zhong-Liang (2013). Developing phase of China's system of nature reserves in perspective. Forest Science and Practice, 15 (4), 340-348. doi: 10.1007/s11632-013-0422-4
Cook, Carly N., Carter, R. W. (Bill), Fuller, Richard A. and Hockings, Marc (2012). Managers consider multiple lines of evidence important for biodiversity management decisions. Journal of Environmental Management, 113, 341-346. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.09.002
Lockwood, Michael, Davidson, Julie, Hockings, Marc, Haward, Marcus and Kriwoken, Lorne (2012). Marine biodiversity conservation governance and management: regime requirements for global environmental change. Ocean & Coastal Management, 69, 160-172. doi: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.07.015
Butchart, Stuart H. M., Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Evans, Mike I., Quader, Suhel, Arico, Salvatore, Arinaitwe, Julius, Balman, Mark, Bennun, Leon A., Bertzky, Bastian, Besancon, Charles, Boucher, Timothy M., Brooks, Thomas M., Burfield, Ian J., Burgess, Neil D., Chan, Simba, Clay, Rob P., Crosby, Mike J., Davidson, Nicholas C., De Silva, Naamal, Devenish, Christian, Dutson, Guy C. L., Fernandez, David F. Día z., Fishpool, Lincoln D. C., Fitzgerald, Claire, Foster, Matt, Heath, Melanie F., Hockings, Marc, Hoffmann, Michael, Knox, David ... Woodley, Stephen (2012). Protecting important sites for biodiversity contributes to meeting global conservation targets. Plos One, 7 (3) e32529, e32529-1-e32529-8. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032529
Stoll-Kleemann, Susanne, Kettner, Anne, Leverington, Fiona, Nolte, Christoph, Nielsen, Greta, Bomhard, Bastian, Stolton, Sue, Marr, Melitta and Hockings, Marc (2012). Erfassung der managementeffektivitaet in Europas schutzgebieten: Ein beitrag zur erfuellung der biodiversitaets-konvention. Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung, 44 (2), 37-44.
Petersen, L. M., Moll, E. J., Collins, R. and Hockings, Marc T. (2012). Development of a compendium of local, wild-harvested species used in the informal economy trade, Cape Town, South Africa. Ecology and Society, 17 (2), 26.1-26.31. doi: 10.5751/ES-04537-170226
Dudley, Nigel, Higgins-Zogib, Liza, Hockings, Marc, MacKinnon, Kathy, Sandwith, Trevor and Stolton, Sue (2011). National Parks with benefits: How protecting the planet's biodiversity also provides ecosystem services. Solutions (Burlington): For a Sustainable and Desirable Future, 2 (6), 87-95.
Cook, Carly N. and Hockings, Marc (2011). Opportunities for improving the rigor of management effectiveness evaluations in protected areas. Conservation Letters, 4 (5), 372-382. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00189.x
Ortega-Argueta, Alejandro, Baxter, Greg and Hockings, Marc (2011). Compliance of Australian threatened species recovery plans with legislative requirements. Journal of Environmental Management, 92 (8), 2054-2060. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.03.032
Jacobson, C., Carter, R.W., Hockings, M. and Kelman, J. (2011). Maximizing conservation evaluation utilization. Evaluation, 17 (1), 53-71. doi: 10.1177/1356389010389903
Bottrill, M. C., Hockings M. and Possingham, H. P. (2011). In pursuit of knowledge: Addressing barriers to effective conservation evaluation. Ecology and Society, 16 (2). doi: 10.5751/ES-04099-160214
Biggs, Harry, Breen, Charles, Slotow, Rob, Freitag, Stefanie and Hockings, Marc (2011). How assessment and reflection relate to more effective learning in adaptive management. Koedoe, 53 (2), 1-13. doi: 10.4102/koedoe.v53i2.1001
Leverington, Fiona, Costa, Katia Lemos, Pavese, Helena, Lisle, Allan and Hockings, Marc (2010). A global analysis of protected area management effectiveness. Environmental Management, 46 (5), 685-698. doi: 10.1007/s00267-010-9564-5
Butchart, Stuart H. M., Walpole, Matt, Collen, Ben, van Strien, Arco, Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Almond, Rosamunde E. A., Baillie, Jonathan E. M., Bomhard, Bastian, Brown, Claire, Bruno, John, Carpenter, Kent E., Carr, Geneviève M., Chanson, Janice, Chenery, Aanna M., Csirke, Jorge, Davidson, Nick C., Dentener, Frank, Foster, Matt, Galli, Alessandro, Galloway, James N., Genovesi, Piero, Gregory, Richard D., Hockings, Marc, Kapos, Valerie, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Leverington, Fiona, Loh, Jonathan, McGeoch, Melodie A., McRae, Louise ... Watson, Reg (2010). Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science, 328 (5982), 1164-1168. doi: 10.1126/science.1187512
Cook, Carly N., Hockings, Marc and Carter, R. W. (Bill) (2010). Conservation in the dark? the information used to support management decisions. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 8 (4), 181-186. doi: 10.1890/090020
Hockings, Marc, Garven, Ian, Carter, Bill and Ross, Helen (2009). Australian Protected Areas Congress (APAC08). Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 16 (4), 192-195. doi: 10.1080/14486563.2009.10648777
Walpole, M., Almond, R. E. A., Besançon, C., Butchart, S. H. M., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Carr, G. M., Collen, B., Collette, L., Davidson, N. C., Dulloo, E., Fazel, A. M., Galloway, J. N., Gill, M., Goverse, T., Hockings, M. T., Leaman, D. J., Morgan, D. H. W., Revenga, C., Rickwood, C. J., Schutyser, F., Simons, S., Stattersfield, A. J., Tyrrell, T. D., Vié, Jean-C. and Zimsky, M. (2009). Tracking progress toward the 2010 biodiversity target and beyond. Science, 325 (5947), 1503-1504. doi: 10.1126/science.1175466
Hockings, M., Stolton, S., Dudley, N. and James, R. (2009). Data credibility: What are the 'right' data for evaluating management effectiveness of protected areas?. New Directions for Evaluation, 2009 (122), 53-63. doi: 10.1002/ev.295
Hockings, M., Cook, C. N., Carter, R. W. and James, R. (2009). Accountability, reporting, or management improvement? Development of a State of the Parks assessment system in New South Wales, Australia. Environmental Management, 43 (6), 1013-1025. doi: 10.1007/s00267-009-9277-9
Belokurov, Alexander, Besançon, Charles, Pavese, Helena, Burgess, Neil D., Dudley, Nigel, Stolton, Sue, Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Fiona, MacKinnon, Kathy and Whitten, Tony (2009). New resources for assessing the effectiveness of management in protected areas. Oryx, 43 (1), 14-14. doi: 10.1017/S0030605308431046
Axford, Joanna C., Hockings, Marcus T. and Carter, R. W. (Bill) (2008). What constitutes success in Pacific Island community conserved areas?. Ecology and Society, 13 (2) 45, 1-15. doi: 10.5751/ES-02540-130245
Jacobson, C., Carter, R. W. and Hockings, M. T. (2008). The status of protected area evaluation in Australia and implications for its future. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 15 (4), 202-210. doi: 10.1080/14486563.2008.9725204
Worachananant, Suchai, Carter, R. W., Hockings, Marc and Reopanichkul, Pasinee (2008). Managing the impacts of SCUBA divers on Thailand’s coral Reefs. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16 (6), 645-663. doi: 10.1080/09669580802159677
Worachananant, S., Carter, R. W., Hockings, M. T. and Reopanichkul, P. (2008). Managing the impacts of SCUBA divers on Thailand's coral reefs. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16 (6), 645-663. doi: 10.1080/09669580802159677
Pavese, H. B., Leverington, F. J. and Hockings, M. T. (2007). Global study of protected areas management effectiveness: The Brazilian perspective. Natureza & Conservacao: The Brazilian Journal of Nature Conservation, 5 (1), 152-162.
Worachananant, S., Carter, R. W. and Hockings, M. T. (2007). Impacts of the 2004 Tsunami on Surin Marine National Park, Thailand. Coastal management, 35 (2-3), 399-412. doi: 10.1080/08920750601169667
Dudley, N., Hockings, M. T. and Stolton, S. (2004). Options for guaranteeing the effective management of the world's protected areas. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6 (2), 131-142. doi: 10.1080/1523908042000320713
Hockings, M. T., Ervin, J. and Vincent, G. (2004). Assessing the management of protected areas: The work of the World Parks Congress before and after Durban. Journal of International Wildlife Law and Policy, 7 (1-2), 31-42. doi: 10.1080/13880290490480130
Hockings, M. T., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2004). Management effectiveness: Assessing management of protected areas?. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 6 (2), 157-174. doi: 10.1080/1523908042000320731
Hockings, Marc (2003). Systems for assessing the effectiveness of management in protected areas. Bioscience, 53 (9), 823-832. doi: 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0823:SFATEO]2.0.CO;2
Carter, R. W., Baxter, G. S. and Hockings, M. (2001). Resource management in tourism research: A new direction. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 9 (4), 265-280. doi: 10.1080/09669580108667402
Hockings, Marc (2000). Evaluating protected area management: A review of systems for assessing management effectiveness of protected areas. School of Natural & Rural Systems. Occasional Paper Series, 7 (3), 1-56.
Baxter, G. S., Hockings, M., Carter, R. W. and Beeton, J. S. (1999). Trends in Wildlife Management and the Appropriateness of Australian University Training. Conservation Biology, 13 (4), 842-849. doi: 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98274.x
Hockings, Marc and Phillips, Adrian (1999). How well are we doing: Some thoughts on the effectiveness of protected areas. Parks, 9 (2), 5-14.
Hockings, M, Carter, B and Leverington, F (1998). An integrated model of public contact planning for conservation management. Environmental Management, 22 (5), 643-654. doi: 10.1007/s002679900136
Hockings, M (1998). Evaluating management of protected areas: Integrating planning and evaluation. Environmental Management, 22 (3), 337-345. doi: 10.1007/s002679900109
Fisher, F., Hockings, M. and Hobson, R. (1998). Recreational impacts on waders on Fraser Island. The Sunbird, 28 (1), 1-11.
Hockings, Marc and Twyford, Keith (1997). Assessment and management of beach camping impacts within Fraser Island World Heritage Area, south-east Queensland, Australia. Australasian Journal of Environmental Management, 4 (1), 26-39.
Hockings, Marc and Twyford, Keith (1997). Assessment and management of beach camping impacts within fraser island world heritage area, South-East Queensland. Australian Journal of Environmental Management, 4 (1), 26-39. doi: 10.1080/14486563.1997.10648369
Hockings, M. (1994). A survey of the tour operator’s role in marine park interpretation. Journal of Tourism Studies, 5 (1), 16-28.
Hockings, M (1981). Habitat Distribution and Species-Diversity of Small Mammals in Southeast Queensland in Relation to Vegetation Structure. Australian Wildlife Research, 8 (1), 97-108.
Hockings, Marc (1981). Habitat distribution and species diversity of small mammals in South-East Queensland in relation to vegetation structure. Wildlife Research, 8 (1), 97-108. doi: 10.1071/WR9810097
Dwyer, P. D., Hockings, M. and Willmer, J. (1979). Mammals of Cooloola and Beerwah. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland, 90, 65-84.
Conference Papers
Hockings, M., Jacobson, C., Kelman, J. and Wardell-Johnson, G. (2008). Evaluation and making complex data sets user-friendly. 14th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management, Burlington, Vermont, USA, 10-14 June, 2008. Burlington, Vermont: International Association for Society and Natural Resources.
Jacobson, Chris L., Hockings, Marc and Carter, Bi (2008). Decision mapping as a tool for integrating evaluation information into decision making. 14th International Symposium on Society and Resource Management: Linking Culture and Nature, Burlington, Vermont, USA, June 10 – 14 2008.
Leverington, F., Figgis, P., Hockings, M., Sattler, P. S. and Worboys, G. (2007). Australian protected area system: Directions and issues.. V Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação, Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil, 17-21 June 2007. Curitiba, PR: Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Mathur, Vinod, Verma, Ashok, Dudley, Nigel, Stolton, Sue, Hockings, Marcus and James, Robyn (2007). Kaziranga National Park and World Heritage site, India: Taking the long view. Second World Heritage Forest Meeting, Nancy, France, 9 - 11 March 2005. Paris, France: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Lacerda, Leonardo, Hockings, Marcus, Ripley, Steven and Numa de Oliveira, Luiz Roberto (2007). Managing a protected area within it's wider landscape: tools for assessment and enhancement. Second World Heritage Forest Meeting, Nancy, France, 9 - 11 March 2005. Paris, France: UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
Worachananant, Suchai, Carter, R.W. and Hockings, Marc (2006). Managing tourism in Surin Marine National Park, Thailand. The East Asian Seas Congress 2006, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China, 12-16 December, 2006.
Hockings, M T and Leverington, F J (2006). Status of Management Effectiveness Evaluation and the CBD Programme of Work on Protected Areas. Jeju Island, Korea, 24-27 October 2006. Seoul, South Korea:
Worachananant, Suchai, Carter, Bill and Hockings, Marc (2006). Recovery and Management in Surin Marine National Park, Thailand. Post-Disaster Assessment and Monitoring of Changes in the Coastal, Ocean and Human Systems in the Indian Ocean and Asian Waters, Phuket, Thailand, 20-23 February, 2006.
Worachananant, Suchai, Carter, R. W., Hockings, Marc, Reopanichkul, Pasinee and Thamrongnawasawat, Thon (2005). Management Response to the Tsunami, Surin Marine National Park, Thailand. The First International Marine Protected Areas Congress (IMPAC 1), Waterfront Campus, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia, 23-28 October, 2005.
Ross, A. H., Robinson, C. J. and Hockings, M. T. (2005). Evaluation of indigenous co-management of natural resources. CIRM Social Dimensions of NRM Working Group, Brisbane, Australia, 15 October 2004. Indooroopilly, Qld., Australia: Department of Natural Resources and Mines.
Axford, J. and Hockings, M. T. (2005). Sense of place: A tool to assist the meaningful engagement of communities in protected area management. International Conference on Engaging Communities, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, 14-17 August 2005. Brisbane, QLD, Australia: Queensland Department of Main Roads.
Hockings, M. T. (2005). Workshop Stream 5 Evaluating Management Effectiveness. Vth World Parks Congress: Benefits beyond boundaries, Durban, South Africa, 8-17 September 2003. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN The World Conservation Union.
Hockings, M. T. (2005). Evaluating management effectiveness of protected areas - dealing with diversity. CIRM Social Dimensions of NRM Working Group, Brisbane, Australia, 15 October 2004. Indooroopilly, Qld ., Australia: Department of Natural Resources and Mines.
Hockings, M. T. (2004). The WCPA Management Effectiveness Evaluation Framework - a basis for developing monitoring and evaluation programs to assess management of protected areas. Monitoring World Heritage, Vicenza, Italy, 11-12 November 2002. Paris, France: UNESCO World Heritage Centre and ICCROM.
Hockings, M. T. (2004). Summary of Final Discussions - Vicenza Monitoring Workshop. World Heritage 2002 - Shared Legacy, Common Responsibility, Vicenza, Italy, 11-12 November 2002. Paris: UNESCO World Heritage Centre and ICCROM.
Worachananant, Suchai, Carter, R.W., Hockings, Marc, Reopanichkul, Pasinee and Thamrongnawasawat, Thon (2004). Tourism Management in Surin Marine National Park, Thailand. Coastal Zone Asia Pacific (CZAP) 2004, Brisbane, Australia, 5-9 September, 2004.
Day, J., Hockings, M. T. and Jones, G. (2003). Measuring Effectiveness in Marine Protected Areas - Principles and practice. World Congress on Aquatic Protected areas, Cairns, Queensland, 14-17 August 2002. Brisbane, Queensland: Australian Society for Fish Biology.
Hockings, M. T., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2002). Management Effectiveness - assessing management of protected areas?. Global Challenges of Parks & Protected Area Management Symposium, La Maddalena National Park, Sardinia, Italy, 10-13 October 2002.
Hockings, M. T. (2002). The IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas Framework for Evaluating Management Effectiveness of Protected Areas. African Evaluation Association 2nd Conference, Nairobi, Kenya, 10-14 June 2002.
Leverington, F. and Hockings, M. T. (1999). From Conflict to Cooperation : Towards a Better Model for Park-People Interactions. 1999 International Symposium on Society and Resource Management - application of social science to resource management in the Asia-Pacific region, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, July, 1999. Brisbane: The University of Queensland, Brisbane.
Dudley, Nigel, Hockings, Marc, Stolton, Sue and Kiernon, Michael (1999). Effectiveness of forest protected areas: A paper for the IFF international meeting on protected areas. Intergovernmental Forum on Forests Intersessional Meeting, Puerto Rico, March, 1999. Intergovernmental Forum on Forests.
Newspaper Article
Research Reports
Jacobson, Chris, Hockings, Marc, Watson, James, Head, Brian and Fidelman, Pedro (2021). Review of monitoring, evaluation and reporting approaches and outcomes in Parks Australia . Online: University of Queensland.
Holmes, Glen, McGrath, Chris, Larsen, Josh, Hockings, Marc and Moss, Patrick T. (2014). Fish habitat connectivity case study: Lower Fitzroy River basin. Review of coastal ecosystem management to improve the health and resilience of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. Townsville, QLD, Australia: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority.
Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Andrea, Trinder, Colin and Polglaze, John (2014). Independent assessment of management effectiveness for the Great Barrier Reef: outlook report 2014. Townsville, QLD, Australia: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority.
Hockings, Marc, Shadie, Peter, Vincent, Geoff and Suksawang, Songtam (2014). Evaluating the management effectiveness of Thailand's marine and coastal protected areas. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Hockings, Marc, Leverington, Andrea and Gilligan, Brian (2013). Assessment of management effectiveness for the strategic assessment of the Great Barrier Reef region. UniQuest Project No: C00948 St. Lucia, QLD, Australia: UniQuest.
Holmes, Glen, McGrath, Chris, Larsen, Josh, Hockings, Marc and Moss, Patrick T. (2013). Development case study: Baffle basin. Review of coastal ecosystem management to improve the health and resilience of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. Townsville, QLD, Australia: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority.
Leverington, Fiona, Costa, Katia Lemos, Courrau, Jose, Pavese, Helena, Nolte, Christoph, Marr, Melitta, Coad, Lauren, Burgess, Neil, Bomhard, Bastian and Hockings, Marc (2010). Management effectiveness evaluation in protected areas: a global study. Second edition. Gatton, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, Gatton; TNC, WWF, IUCN-WCPA.
Leverington, Fiona, Hockings, Marc, Pavese, Helena, Costa, Katia Lemos and Courreau, José (2008). Management effectiveness evaluation in protected areas: a global study. Overview of approaches and methodologies: Supplementary report no.1. Gatton, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, Gatton; TNC, WWF, IUCN-WCPA.
Leverington, Fiona, Hockings, Marc and Costa, Katia Lemos (2008). Management effectiveness evaluation in protected areas: a global study. Gatton, QLD, Australia: The University of Queensland, Gatton; TNC, WWF, IUCN-WCPA.
Dudley, Nigel, Belokurov, Alexander, Higgins-Zogib, Liza, Hockings, Marc, Stolton, Sue and Burgess, Neil (2007). Tracking progress in managing protected areas around the world : An analysis of two applications of the Management Effectiveness Tracking Tool developed by WWF and the World Bank. Gland, Switzerland: WWF International.
Robinson, C. J., Ross, H. and Hockings, M. T. (2006). Development of cooperative management arrangements in the Great Barrier Reef: An adaptive management approach. CRC Reef Research Centre technical report, no. 55 Townsville, Qld, Australia: CRC Reef Research Centre.
Tonge, J., Moore, S., Hockings, M. T., Worboys, G. and Bridle, K. (2005). Developing indicators for the sustainable management of visitor use of protected areas in Australia. Technical reports (Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism) Gold Coast, Qld, Australia: CRC for Sustainable Tourism.
Dudley, N., Belokurov, A., Borodin, O., Higgins-Zogib, L., Hockings, M. T., Lacerda, L. and Stolton, S. (2004). Are protected areas working? An analysis of forest protected areas by WWF. Switzerland: WWF International.
Ingram, G. J., Brown, T. J., Hegerl, E., Hockings, M. T., Lamb, D., Thompson, C. H. and Haig, J. (2004). Cooloola : Assessment of potential outstanding universal value. Australia: Queensland. Environment Protection Agency.
Ingram, G. J., Brown, T. J., Hegerl, E., Hockings, M. T., Lamb, D., Thompson, C. H. and Haig, J. (2004). Fraser Island World Heritage Area: Review of outstanding universal value. Brisbane, Australia: TQueensland Government, Environmental Protection Agency.